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June 12: From Annulment to Acknowledgment — How Nigeria Reclaimed Its Democratic Conscience

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Chief MKO Abiola

By George Mgbeleke

On June 12, 1993, Nigerians queued under the scorching sun to vote in what is still widely described as the most credible election in the country’s history. It was a hopeful day—an emphatic break from years of military dictatorship, and a reaffirmation of national unity. But that hope was quickly dashed. Less than two weeks later, the military government of General Ibrahim Babangida abruptly annulled the election results, robbing Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola—popularly known as MKO—of his mandate, and plunging the country into a prolonged political crisis.

More than two decades later, what was once a symbol of democratic betrayal has been elevated into a national holiday. June 12 is now Democracy Day, formally replacing May 29. But how did this date, once erased from official records and silenced in public discourse, become the bedrock of Nigeria’s democratic identity?

National Assembly Complex

This feature examines the pivotal milestones—from the annulment of Abiola’s victory, to Buhari’s executive action, legislative endorsement by the National Assembly, and finally the symbolic and legal transition of Democracy Day from May 29 to June 12.

I. June 12, 1993: The Election That Was, But Never Was
The 1993 election was organized under a two-party system decreed by the military regime: the Social Democratic Party (SDP) and the National Republican Convention (NRC). Abiola, a wealthy businessman, publisher, and philanthropist, ran under the SDP, while Bashir Tofa of the NRC was his opponent. The election employed the novel Option A4 system, an open ballot system designed to limit rigging.

When results began to surface, it was clear that Abiola had secured a landslide victory, winning in 19 out of 30 states—including Tofa’s own Kano State. According to a report by the Civil Liberties Organization (CLO), Abiola had won “across ethnic and religious lines—a feat rare in Nigerian politics.”

But just as Nigerians prepared to celebrate a peaceful transition, the National Electoral Commission (NEC) was ordered to halt announcements. On June 23, 1993, Babangida issued Decree No. 61, annulling the election on the basis that it was riddled with “legal and procedural irregularities.” Many saw it for what it was—a blatant rejection of the people’s will.

Prominent jurist and human rights advocate Gani Fawehinmi described the annulment as “a coup against democracy.” Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka called it “the rape of our democratic innocence.”

The aftermath saw Abiola’s refusal to renounce his mandate. He famously declared on June 11, 1994:

“I am prepared to pay the supreme price, if need be, in the course of defending the mandate of the Nigerian people.”

A day later, he was arrested by General Sani Abacha’s regime. He would remain in detention for four years until his death on July 7, 1998, under mysterious circumstances—just a month after Abacha himself died.

II. Buhari’s Executive Gesture: Symbolism with Teeth
Fast forward to June 6, 2018. In a rare political move, President Muhammadu Buhari issued an executive order declaring June 12 as Nigeria’s new Democracy Day, posthumously awarding Abiola the Grand Commander of the Federal Republic (GCFR)—an honor previously reserved for Presidents and Heads of State.

“June 12, 1993, was far more symbolic of democracy in the Nigerian context than May 29 or even October 1,” Buhari said in his official statement.

Buhari, a former military ruler turned elected President, acknowledged what previous governments had failed to: the democratic mandate of the people in 1993 was valid, and its annulment was a historical injustice.

The decision surprised many, especially as Buhari had never been considered close to the political left or the pro-democracy camp that rallied behind Abiola. Critics speculated political motives, including a strategic move to win support in the South-West ahead of the 2019 elections. Yet, for the first time, the Nigerian state formally admitted its wrongdoing and symbolically reversed history.

III. Legislative Legitimacy: National Assembly Seals the Date
While executive orders carry symbolic weight, they require legislative backing to achieve permanence. In 2019, the National Assembly passed a bill amending the Public Holidays Act, officially recognizing June 12 as Democracy Day and replacing May 29.

The bill was sponsored by Hon. Edward Pwajok in the House of Representatives and received broad bipartisan support. Senate President Ahmed Lawan praised the passage as “a long-overdue institutional acknowledgment of a historic truth.”

With this act, Democracy Day was no longer just an executive declaration but a law of the land. This legislative endorsement gave June 12 both constitutional grounding and national permanence.

IV. May 29 to June 12: Shifting the Democratic Narrative
May 29 had been commemorated since 1999 as Democracy Day, marking the transfer of power from General Abdulsalami Abubakar to President Olusegun Obasanjo. But many Nigerians viewed May 29 as a top-down, elite-oriented celebration—lacking emotional resonance with the masses.

June 12, however, is remembered with grief, protest, resistance—and hope. It represents the democratic energy of ordinary Nigerians who queued to vote, protested in the streets, and endured military crackdowns. It is a date earned, not merely granted.

Historian Toyin Falola once noted:

“June 12 is not just a date. It is a metaphor for resistance. A question that demands an answer: Can the people’s will ever prevail in Nigeria?”

In reassigning Democracy Day to June 12, Nigeria chose to answer that question affirmatively—at least symbolically.

V. The Significance Beyond the Symbol
Yet, even as June 12 is now officially commemorated, the deeper question remains: Has the country truly internalized its lessons?

In recent years, elections have continued to be plagued by violence, voter suppression, and judicial controversies. Electoral reforms, though initiated, remain incomplete. Civil society voices are increasingly muffled, and insecurity continues to threaten voter turnout and political participation.

To quote MKO Abiola himself:

“You cannot shave a man’s head in his absence.”

June 12 was about presence—the people’s presence in the democratic space. If the day is to be more than a holiday, it must inform electoral behavior, civic engagement, and political accountability.

Conclusion: From Ritual to Redemption
The recognition of June 12 as Democracy Day is not just a symbolic act—it is a national confession, a moral restoration. It reclaims a date that was nearly erased, and turns it into a monument of remembrance and a call to action.

But Nigeria must go beyond ritualistic ceremonies. The spirit of June 12 demands more—transparent elections, a robust civil society, institutional reforms, and above all, a political class that honors the will of the people.

In reclaiming June 12, Nigeria has taken a bold step toward democratic redemption. But the journey is not over. The real celebration lies in sustaining the ideals for which MKO Abiola died: justice, unity, and the inviolability of the people’s mandate.

Politics

Rivers Assembly Speaker, 16 others dump PDP for APC

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Speaker of the House, Martin Amaehwule, 16 others defect to APC

By Our Correspondent
Seventeen members of the 10th Rivers State House of Assembly, on Friday, defected from the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) to the All Progressive Congress (APC).

The lawmakers announced their defection during plenary on Friday, December 5, 2025 at the Auditorium of the Assembly quarters currently used as the hallowed chambers.

The defected lawmakers, led by Speaker of the House, Martin Amaehwule, cited the division in the PDP at the national level as the reason for their defection, noting that the situation has made the future of the party “hazy and nebulous”.

Among the lawmakers who defected to the All Progressive Congress were; the Speaker, Martin Amaewhule, Deputy Speaker, Dumle Maol, Majority Leader, Major Jack, Deputy Majority Leader, Linda Somiari- Stewart, Chief Whip, Hon. Frankline Nwabuchi, and the Deputy Whip, Hon. Ofiks Kabang.

Others are; Hon. Peter Abbey, Smart Adoki, Igwe Aforji, Arnold Davids, Enemi George, Tekenari Granville, Christian Nwankwo, Gerald Oforji, Azeru Opara, Lolo Opuende, and Hon. Solomon Wami.

Recall that the Speaker, Martin Amaehwule had in December 2023, in the heat of the over two years political crisis in the state, led all 27 members of the Assembly loyal to the FCT Minister to the APC but later denied their defection, and returned to the PDP.

Meanwhile, the PDP which is now the minority party in the House with 9 members, has constituted their officers with Hon. Sylvanus Nwankwo emerging the Minority Leader, Hon. Barile Nwakoh was elected Deputy Minority Leader, Hon. John Dominic Iderima, Minority Whip, and Hon. Justina Emeji, Deputy Minority Whip.

The Assembly has also renewed its earlier call on the State Governor, Sir Siminalayi Fubara to forward his list of Commissioner-nominees to the House for screening and confirmation in line with the 1999 Constitution; regretting that “the State is yet to have the complement of a full cabinet.”

The Assembly also reaffirmed its earlier resolution made on the 14th of December, 2023, and adopted the auditorium at the State House of Assembly quarters as its legitimate and lawful Chamber for the conduct of legislative businesses for the life of the Tenth Assembly of the State.

Speaker of the Assembly, Martin Amaehwule in his speech lauded President Bola Tinubu for his purposeful and exceptional leadership and pledged their support to the APC and the President.

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Sulu – Gambari , Ita Enang , Dambazzau , Ibas Ibok -Ete, 61 others make Tinubu’s Ambassadorial list

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Senate in session in the chamber

By George Mgbeleke

The Senate Thursday received requests for confirmation of nominations of 65 Ambassadorial nominees from President Bola Ahmed Tinubu.

The nominees as read from two different lists by the President of the Senate , Godswill Akpabio during plenary, fell into two categories of 34 Career Ambassadors and High Commissioners and 31 Non – Career Ambassadors and High Commissioners designate .

Notable names among the 34 Carrer Ambassadors and High Commissioners are Ambassador Sulu – Gambari Olatunji Ahmed from Kwara State , Ambassador Ahmed Mohammed Monguno from Borno State , Ambassador
Maimuna Ibrahim from Adamawa State etc .

Notable in the list of Non Career Ambassadors and High Commissioners are Senator Solomon Ita Enang from Akwa Ibom State , Vice Admiral Ibas Ibok – Ete from Cross River State , Ex Chief of Army Staff, Abdulrahaman Dambazzau from Kano etc .

President Tinubu in the requests hinged on section 171 sub section 1, 2 and 4 of the 1999 Constitution , sought for expeditious consideration of the nominees .

Accordingly, the President of the Senate, forwarded the requests to the committee on Foreign affairs for screening and report back within one week .

Recall that President Tinubu had earlier forwarded to the Senate , three ambassadorial nominees last week for appointment confirmation .

The three earlier nominees , namely
Kayode Are ( Ogun State), Aminu Dalhatu ( Jigawa) and Ayodele Oke ( Oyo State ), were screened on Wednesday by Senator Abubakar Sani Bello ( Niger North ) led committee .

Full list of the Ambassadorial nominees per state reads : ” Ambassador Ezenwa Chukwuemeka ( Abia ) Maimuna Ibrahim ( Adamawa ), Monica Ogochukwu ( Anambra) ,
Ambassador Mohammed Mahmoud Lele ( Bauchi) ,
Endoni Sindo ( Bayelsa) and Ambassador Ahmed Mohammed Minguno ( Borno ) .

Others are Jane Adams Okon Michael ( Cross River ), Clark Omeruo Alexandra ( Delta ), Chimma Geofrey Davies ( Ebonyi) ,
Oduma Yvonne Ehinose ( Edo State ), Wasa Segun Ige ( Edo State )
Ambassador Adeyemi Adebayo Emmanuel ( Ekiti ), Ambassador Onaga Ogechukwu Kingsley ( Enugu ) and

Magaji Umar ( Jigawa) .

Other nominees in the category of Career Ambassadors are
Mohammed Saidu Dahiru ( Kaduna ) ,
AbdulSalam Abus Zayat ( kano) ,
Shehu Barde ( Katsina ) , Aminu Nasiu ( Katsina ),
Abubakar Musa Musa ( Kebbi) ,Mohammed Idris ( Kebbi) ,
Bako Adamu Umar ( Kogi ) ,

Sulu Gambari Olatunji Ahmed ( Kwara ),
Ramata Mohammed ( Lagos ), Shaga John Shama ( Nasarawa )
Salau Hamza Mohammed ( Niger ) and Ibrahim Danlami ( Niger ) .

Others are
Adeola Ibrahim Mopelola ( Ogun) ,
Ruben Abimbola Samuel ( Ondo),
Akande Wahab Adekola ( Osun) ,
Adedokun Esther ( Oyo) ,

Gedagi Joseph John ( Plateau ) ,

Luther Obomode Ayokalata ( Rivers ),

Danladi Yakubu Yaku ( Taraba ) and

Bello Dogondaji ( ( Zamfara ) .

Names on the list of the 31 Non – career ambassadorial nominees are
Senator Grace Bent ( Adamawa ) , Senator Eta Enang ( Akwa – Ibom),
Nkechi Linda Okocha ( Anambra ),
Mahmud Yakubu ( Bauchi )
Philip K. Ikurusi ( Bayelsa ) ,

Paul Oga Adikwu ( Benue ),
Vice Admiral Ibok-Ette Ibas rtd ( Cross River ),
Hon. Abasi Braimah ( Edo ) and

Erelu Angela Adebayo Ekiti )

Others are Barrister Olumilua Oluwayimika Ayotunwa ( Ekiti ),
Rt. Hon. Ifeanyi Ugwuanyi ( Enugu State ) ,
Barr. Mrs. Chioma Ohakim ( Imo State ),

Lt. Gen. Abdulrahman Bello Dambazau (rtd.) ( Kano State ),
Hon. Tasiu Musa Maigari ( Katsina ) ,
Alhaji Abubakar Sanusi Aliyu ( Kogi) and
Olufemi Pedro ( Lagos State ) .

Others are
Barr. Mohammed Ubandoma Aliyu ( Nasarawa ),
Senator Jimoh Ibrahim ( Ondo), Ambassador Joseph Sola Iji ( Ondo ),

Fani-Kayode ( Osun ) , Professor O. Adewole ( Osun) , Florence Ajimobi ( Oyo ), Lola Akande ( Oyo), Professor Nora Ladi Daduut ( Plateau) , Yakubu N. Gambo ( Plateau ) , Chukwujinka Okocha ( Rivers ) , Haruna Abubakar ( Sokoto ) , Rt Hon Jerry Samuel Manwe ( Taraba ) and Adamu Garba Talba Nangree ( Yobe State ) .

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Kano Guberpoll: Former LG chairmen adopt Sen Barau as APC’s sole candidate for 2027

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Deputy President of Senate, Barau Jibrin

By George Mgbeleke

Former local government chairmen in Kano State have adopted the Deputy President of the Senate, Senator Barau I. Jibrin, as the sole candidate of the All Progressives Congress (APC) for the 2027 governorship race in the state.

The former LG chairmen who served between 2019 and 2022, during the era of Dr Abdullahi Umar Ganduje as Governor of the state, adopted Senator Barau during a courtesy call to the National Assembly in Abuja on Wednesday.

A motion for the adoption of Senator Barau was moved by the former chairman of Rimin Gado Local Government Area, Barrister Dahiru Mannir Maigari, and seconded by the former chairman of the Association of Local Government of Nigeria (ALGON) in the state, Hon. Baffa Mohammed Takai.

When the former chairman of Madobi LGA, Alhaji Mohammed Yahaya, put the vote, all the former chairmen unanimously approved it through a voice vote.

Two members of the Kano State House of Assembly, Hon Zubairu Hamza Masu (Sumaila) and Hon Garba Yau Gwarmai (Tsanyawa/Ghari), witnessed the event.

A statement by the Special Adviser to the Deputy President of the Senate on Media and Publicity, Malam Ismail Mudashir, said that after the voice vote, the local government chairmen appealed to Senator Barau to declare for the governorship race as soon as possible.

Former chairman of Gwale LGA. Alhaji Khalid Ishak Diso informed the Deputy President of the Senate that the people of Kano, especially at the grassroots level, are eagerly awaiting his declaration for the race.

” Kano people are waiting for you to declare for the governorship race. We recently organised an event, where we asked you to declare. You are yet to. The people of Kano are anxiously awaiting your declaration. When are you declaring? Please answer the call to serve our people,” he said.

Also, the former Chairman of ALGON, Baffa Mohammed Takai, who led his colleagues on the courtesy call, said they adopted Senator Barau in view of his outstanding performance in parliament, adding that his contributions to Kano’s development are immense.

” We are here to throw our weight behind you. We are 100 per cent with you. Insha’Allah, you will be the next governor of Kano State, come May 29, 2027. You have the capacity to address the challenges facing our state,” he said.

Responding, the Deputy President of the Senate thanked the former local government chairmen for their support, describing them as grassroots politicians.

“It’s indeed true that Kano was second to Lagos before, in terms of development, in terms of commerce and so on. Unfortunately, Kano is now trailing behind due to a lack of good leadership. Let us not live in denial. This is a fact that we must all work together to address in the interest of our people and state.

“I wish to assure you that by the grace of God, we will take bold steps to bring Kano back to its glorious days. We will succeed by the grace of God. We will always stand by the truth and for our people,” he said.

* Tsanyawa, Ghari stakeholders endorse Barau

Meanwhile, stakeholders from Tsanyawa and Ghari LGAs of Kano State have also thrown their weight behind Senator Barau’s candidature during their visit to him on Wednesday.

A member of the Kano State House of Assembly, Hon. Garba Yau Gwarmai, representing Tsanyawa/Ghari, moved the motion, which Hon. Aminu Yakanawa seconded. A thunderous ovation from over 100 stakeholders in attendance followed the announcement of the endorsement.

Yakanawa told the Deputy President of the Senate that the people of the two local government areas are solidly behind him.

” By the grace of Allah SWT, you are the next governor of Kano State. Our people are solidly behind you, and we are committed to supporting you,” he said

Responding, Senator Barau thanked them for the support, saying the massive support from all the people of the state is a signal of what will happen in 2027.

On the security challenges facing some parts of Tsanyawa and Shanono LGAs, he said, ” We are not leaving any stone unturned in tackling this challenge. We are working underground to bring an end to it. We have taken all the necessary steps. It is not something that we go to radio stations to announce.”

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