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MY take on Pope’s first social encyclical and historic apology *

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Pope Leo XIV

By Emmanuel Nnadozie Onwubiko

This last week of May 2026 has entered the history book as the one in which the head of the over 2 billion membership Roman Catholic Church made landmark policies on two key issues that dominate human history and constitute cogs in achieving the fullest development of humanity: slavery and the emerging science of artificial intelligence or AI in a short form.

For us in Nigeria and the black continent of Africa, the theme of slavery is something we are very passionate about going by the vast amount of consequences of this practice by the foreign forces who invaded our continent and seize all of the homelands of the different communities of the black world and converted our ancestors into captives through slave trade and colonisation of these nation states for nearly one hundred years.

The truth is that nearly a hundred years after the end of slavery, contemporary Africans are still asking questions to ascertain why their forefathers were subjected to the indignity of slavery by the White colonial slave drivers.

Some Africans have canvassed the payment of compensations/reparations by the western societies that benefitted enormously from the enslavement of our forefathers.

The Church was also blamed for sanctioning the practice. This is what the current hierarchy of the World’s most populous religious body has decided to apologise for.

In the same week, the Pope spoke too about the dangers to humanity by the fast development science of Artificial intelligence in the areas of losing opportunities by man to work as man but instead the robots created and infused with artificial intelligence could be positioned to take over some of the critical intellectual tasks that human beings are now doing and if this happens, then humanity is in a state of catastrophic end. This is because if artificially built robots are activated to take over the basic jobs that man as man is positioned to do, what then is the essence of living? Life without work is not worth living.

This is what the Pope is calling attention to and the World must listen, the Scientific community must be regulated to slow it down on the evolution of AI. Here is how the two key developments unfolded in the Vatican city. The Pope made the policy statement in his first ever social Encyclical as reported by the Vatican News.

At the presentation of his first social encyclical, Magnifica Humanitas, Pope Leo XIV appealed for artificial intelligence to be placed firmly at the service of humanity, warning against technologies that foster domination, exclusion and war.
Addressing participants gathered in the Synod Hall on Monday for the presentation of the encyclical, the Pope described the current technological revolution as an “epochal turning point” comparable to the upheaval confronted by Pope Leo XIII during the Industrial Revolution.
“Artificial intelligence already touches many areas of our lives and affects decisions that shape human coexistence, he said, noting that it is also “dramatically changing how war is waged.”

A new “Rerum Novarum” moment
Drawing a direct parallel with Pope Leo XIII’s landmark 1891 encyclical Rerum Novarum, Pope Leo XIV said the Church today is likewise called to interpret the “new things” of the age in the light of the Gospel and the dignity of the human person.
He explained that Magnifica Humanitas emerged from extensive listening to scientists, engineers, educators, political leaders and families concerned about the future of younger generations. At the same time, he said he had heard “very troubling voices” regarding autonomous weapons systems and algorithms capable of denying access to healthcare, employment or security based on unjust and prejudiced data.
From that process of discernment, the Pope said, came a conviction expressed clearly in the encyclical: “artificial intelligence needs to be disarmed.”
Acknowledging the forcefulness of the phrase, Pope Leo XIV said the gravity of the present moment requires words capable of “awakening consciences and indicating paths forward for humanity.”

Technology and moral responsibility:
Recalling the Church’s longstanding support for nuclear disarmament, the Pope said every great technological power must be accompanied by moral discernment and public accountability.
“In a similar sense, artificial intelligence now demands to be ‘disarmed,’ freed from logics that turn it into an instrument of domination, exclusion or death,” he said.
Quoting Saint Paul’s exhortation to “keep awake” (1 Thess 5:6), the Holy Father warned that peace itself is endangered whenever technology weakens humanity’s critical sense and moral vigilance.
Yet the Pope stressed that the task before humanity is not merely to restrain dangerous technologies, but also to build a more just future together.
“No one rebuilds alone”

Reflecting on his years as a missionary in Peru, Pope Leo XIV recalled the devastation caused by torrential rains and floods in 2017, saying he learned there that rebuilding involves far more than restoring physical structures.
“It means repairing bonds, restoring trust, and reawakening hope in the future,” he said, adding that “no one rebuilds alone.”
The Pope then turned to the biblical figure of Nehemiah rebuilding the walls of Jerusalem, presenting the image as a model for the ethical construction of the digital age.
“Artificial intelligence can be a construction site of history from within a horizon of communion, in which technical progress learns to serve human life,” he said.
The human person at the centre
Citing Saint Paul VI’s teaching that authentic development concerns “each man and the whole man,” Pope Leo XIV insisted that no one must be excluded from digital transformation and that human beings can never be reduced to “productivity,” “cognitive performance,” or “mere data.”
“The person bears within him – or herself – a freedom, an interiority and a vocation to love and worship that no machine can replace or block,” he said.
The Holy Father called for cooperation among nations, institutions, technology developers, and those most affected by technological systems in order to ensure that advances in artificial intelligence benefit the entire human family rather than “a privileged few.”

A “civilisation of love”:
Pope Leo XIV reaffirmed the Church’s desire to contribute “with humility and frankness” to global conversations on artificial intelligence, not by offering technical expertise, but by safeguarding a vision of the human person rooted in dignity, conscience and openness to God.
Inviting all people to become “artisans of hope,” the Pope urged believers and non-believers alike to work together toward “a more human and fraternal society.”
Entrusting the initiative to the Virgin Mary, whose Magnificat “sings of the greatness of God who uplifts the lowly,” the Holy Father prayed that the “civilisation of love” envisioned by Saint Paul VI and Saint John Paul II may continue to mature in history.

Corollary, the Holy Father Pope Leo XIV made a historic apology for Holy See’s own role in legitimizing slavery:

Pope Leo XIV made a historic apology on Monday for the role the Holy See itself played in legitimizing slavery and for having failed to condemn it for centuries, calling the Vatican’s record a “wound in Christian memory.”

Past popes have apologized for Christians’ involvement in the trans-Atlantic slave trade. But no pope has ever publicly acknowledged, much less apologized for, the role that past popes themselves played in giving European sovereigns explicit authority to subjugate and enslave “infidels.”

History’s first U.S.-born pope, whose family history includes both enslaved people and slave owners, delivered the apology in his first encyclical, Magnifica Humanitas, (“Magnificent Humanity”), which was released Monday.

The sweeping manifesto is about safeguarding humanity in an era of increasing reliance on artificial intelligence. Leo raised the trans-Atlantic slave trade in relation to what he called the new forms of slavery and colonialism that the digital revolution is fueling, such as the unregulated labor required to procure rare minerals needed for AI chips.

In doing so, Leo responded to decades of calls by Black American Catholics, activists and scholars for the Holy See to atone for its own role in the colonial-era trade in human beings.

It is impossible not to feel deep sorrow when contemplating the immense suffering and humiliation endured by so many in stark contrast to their immeasurable dignity as persons infinitely loved by the Lord,” Leo wrote. “For this, in the name of the Church, I sincerely ask for pardon.”

Centuries of legitimizing slavery for European colonizers:

The Vatican has insisted that it always upheld the dignity of all human beings as children of God. But a series of 15th-century directives from the Vatican authorized Portuguese sovereigns to conquer Africa and the Americas and enslave non-Christians.

In 1452, for example, Pope Nicholas V issued the papal bull Dum Diversas, which gave the Portuguese king and his successors the right “to invade, conquer, fight and subjugate” and take all possessions — including land — of “Saracens, and pagans, and other infidels, and enemies of the name of Christ” anywhere.

The bull also gave the Portuguese permission “to reduce their persons to perpetual slavery.”

That bull and another issued three years later, Romanus Pontifex, formed the basis of the Doctrine of Discovery, the theory that legitimized the colonial-era seizure of land in Africa and the Americas.

Nicholas V’s permissions to the Portuguese were confirmed or renewed by Pope Callixtus III in 1456, Pope Sixtus IV in 1481, and Pope Leo X in 1514, according to the Rev. Christopher J. Kellerman, a Jesuit priest and author of “All Oppression Shall Cease: A History of Slavery, Abolitionism, and the Catholic Church.”

Spanish kings received the rights for the Americas.

In 2023, the Vatican formally repudiated the Doctrine of Discovery, but it never formally rescinded, abrogated or rejected the bulls themselves. The Vatican insists that a later bull, Sublimis Deus in 1537, reaffirmed that Indigenous peoples shouldn’t be deprived of their liberty or the possession of their property, and weren’t to be enslaved.

Holy See late to condemn slavery, Leo says

In his encyclical, Leo recalled that his namesake, Pope Leo XIII was the first pope to explicitly condemn slavery in 1888, though that was long after many countries had already abolished it. Before that, in antiquity and the Middle Ages, even church institutions had slaves.

In acknowledging the Holy See’s own role and the 15th-century papal bulls, Leo wrote in his encyclical: “Already in the early modern period, the Apostolic See of Rome, responding to the requests of sovereigns, intervened several times in order to regulate and legitimize forms of subjugation, and, in certain cases, including the enslavement of ‘infidels.'”

Leo said that it wasn’t possible to judge the morality of the decisions with today’s standards.

“Yet neither can we deny or diminish the delay with which both society and the church came to denounce the scourge of slavery,” he said.

The pope said that the church has long affirmed the dignity of every human being as the basis of its doctrine, “even if it took eighteen centuries for its full incompatibility with slavery to be explicitly recognized.”

“This constitutes a wound in Christian memory, one from which we cannot consider ourselves detached,” he said.

Leo said that the church today must firmly condemn all forms of trafficking related to the digital technological revolution “if we want to avoid the need to ask for pardon again in the future for having failed to respect the treasure of human dignity that is required by our faith.”

Leo’s own family history and past apologies:

During a 1985 visit to Cameroon, St. John Paul II asked forgiveness of Africans for the slave trade on behalf of Christians who participated in it, but not for the popes’ own role in it. In a 1992 visit to Goree Island, Senegal, which was the largest slave-trading center in West Africa, he denounced the injustice of slavery and called it a “tragedy of a civilization that called itself Christian.”

According to genealogical research published by Henry Louis Gates Jr., 17 of Leo’s American ancestors were Black, listed in census records as mulatto, Black, Creole or a free person of color. His family tree includes slaveholders and enslaved people, Gates wrote in The New York Times.

During a visit to Angola last month, Leo prayed at a Catholic shrine located at the site of an important hub of the African slave trade during Portugal’s colonial rule. While at the Sanctuary of Mama Muxima, Leo recalled the “sorrow and great suffering” Angolans endured for centuries, but he didn’t refer specifically to slavery.
Source: Vatican News.

*Why do we need reparations for slavery and colonialism given that they happened so long ago?*

Slavery, the slave trade and colonialism are not only harms of the past. For racialised people, including Indigenous Peoples, the legacies of slavery, the slave trade and colonialism persist in present day structures of racial discrimination, subordination and inequality.

These legacies remain among the primary barriers to the full enjoyment of human rights by racialised people including Indigenous Peoples throughout the world today. The historical harms of slavery and colonialism are therefore inextricably linked to present racial injustices, global inequality and human rights violations.

There is growing recognition by international human rights bodies and mechanisms that the legacies of slavery, including the transatlantic slave trade, and colonialism require urgent reparatory justice.

*What atrocities were committed under European colonial rule?*

It is estimated that between 25 million and 30 million people were violently uprooted from Africa for enslavement throughout history. From the beginning of the sixteenth century to the mid-nineteenth century, approximately 12.5 million Africans were enslaved by Europeans and shipped to colonies in the Americas in what has come to be known as the “transatlantic slave trade.” Of those 12.5 million enslaved Africans, it is estimated that close to 2 million lost their lives during the Middle Passage across the Atlantic Ocean.

The trade in enslaved people did not only affect the African and American continents. For example, between 1500 and 1850, Europeans were also involved, directly or indirectly, in trading between 953,900 to 1,275,900 enslaved persons “within an oceanic world that stretched from eastern Africa and Madagascar to the Persian Gulf, South Asia, and the Indonesian and Philippine archipelagos”.

The colonial empires built by European states between the 15th and 20th centuries extended across nearly 80% of the entire globe. This means that two-thirds of the membership of the United Nations, approximately 127 out of 193 Member States, were subject to European colonial rule at some point in history. In many cases, this rule lasted for over 250 years. Among the many harms of colonialism was the denial of self-determination and dispossession of land from Indigenous populations, the imposition of colonial borders, plunder of natural resources, the exploitation of labor of enslaved and colonized peoples, and the destruction of local cultures, languages and knowledge systems. Source: amnesty international.

I think both the Holy Father, Amnesty international and other prominent campaigners who have consistently advocated for a lasting apology for slavery and payment of compensations by Europeans and the USA, are right. My proposal is that the United Nations, the World Bank and other international organisations should hold a world Forum on slavery and agree on the way forward to actualize the goal of the agitation by Africans for the payment of reparations to the Afrucan nations for slavery so the world brings to an end this inglorious chapter of human history. Thank you Holy Father for your forthrightness and for the massive show of honesty and humility in tendering this unreserved apology and for adding your profoundly eminent voice to call for scientists to be regulated in their development and advancements of Artificial intelligence. This is the agenda of the global human society. We must have our unconditional support for this Papsl.advocacy of justice and transparency.

*EMMANUEL NNADOZIE ONWUBIKO is the founder of HUMAN RIGHTS WRITERS ASSOCIATION OF NIGERIA (HURIWA). HE is a journalist and author of three books.

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Opinion

They Ruin Our Schools, School Their Kids Abroad

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Comrade Emmanuel Nnadozie Onwubiko

By Emmanuel Nnadozie Onwubiko

This is certainly the season of intense competition among politicians in Nigeria to show off their foreign-educated children in the mass media, for whatever reason.

Perhaps they do this to let the rest of us—the wretched of the earth, in the words of Frantz Fanon, the French psychiatrist and political philosopher—know that they are building political empires and grooming successors who will take over from where they stopped destroying Nigeria.

Some of these politicians were once governors who purportedly built state universities but would never send their own children to those institutions. This is indeed their season and, from our observations, these politicians are increasingly educating their children abroad because Nigerians have failed to insist on accountability and transparency in government. This is why they send their children overseas for schooling and have started showing them off in the media for the rest of the people to see.

Most recently, the Minister of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Mr. Nyesom Wike, was seen in what appeared to be a private jet alongside his political acolytes and associates, flying to the United Kingdom, where his daughter graduated from one of the country’s expensive universities.

Mr. Wike ensured that the graduation ceremony of his only daughter featured prominently across mainstream media in Nigeria. After all, many newspapers have been repeatedly patronised by the Federal Capital Territory Administration under his leadership to showcase the roads and flyovers built since he became minister. These generous advertisements have generated substantial revenue for the newspapers, which are now, in turn, repaying those favours—funded with public money—by prominently displaying to millions of ordinary Nigerians that Wike’s daughter has graduated overseas.

The minister and his associates also organised lavish wining and dining sessions, which were extensively reported with photographs in the Nigerian media.

Mind you, Save the Children recently published a report stating that 36.2 million Nigerians across 26 states are facing acute hunger. Yet, the political elite continue to celebrate their children’s graduations and rub these flamboyant parties of wining and dining in our faces. Many other serving political office holders have also recently showcased their foreign-educated children in newspapers.

This was followed by the Governor of Anambra State, whose younger daughter also graduated from a university in the United Kingdom. The Governor’s wife issued a lengthy press statement in which she praised her daughter to the high heavens.

The only apparent exception among these celebrations of foreign education is the Governor of Osun State, whose daughter graduated from a Nigerian-based university owned by her uncle, the father of musician David Adeleke (Davido).

Many senators, members of the House of Representatives, and governors have children who hold second passports. Likewise, the son of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, Seyi Tinubu, travelled last month to watch the recently concluded FIFA Club World Cup with his family, where they sat in the VIP section. Seyi was shown on television conversing with the American-born TikTok personality IShowSpeed, who was informed that Seyi is Nigeria’s First Son because he is the son of the current President. Amusingly, the American social media influencer jokingly asked Seyi to persuade his father to give him a Nigerian passport.

Perhaps this request was informed by the perception in parts of the Western world that African political leaders wield enormous powers and often act without due regard for due process. That may explain why the influencer jokingly requested a Nigerian passport from Seyi.

But why are politicians who wield power in Nigeria unwilling to trust either public or private universities within the country to educate their children?

Ironically, the politician who owns Baze University in Abuja was also shown in the media celebrating the graduation of one of his children abroad, despite operating one of Nigeria’s most expensive private universities.

The simple reason governors and ministers send their children to schools abroad is that they have easy access to enormous financial resources. In Nigeria, winning elections and holding public office have come to be seen as tickets to unearned wealth, and sadly, this is what many politicians have made public office represent.

This reality becomes evident when we examine some of the cases filed by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) against politicians who have fallen out of favour with the ruling party. We are repeatedly shown how some of these politicians amassed enormous wealth to our detriment while they were supposed to be serving the public.

Recently, the Federal High Court in Abuja ordered the permanent forfeiture of 48 properties linked to former Attorney-General of the Federation and Minister of Justice, Abubakar Malami (SAN), to the Federal Government.

Delivering judgment, Justice Joyce Abdulmalik held that the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) had successfully established that the assets were reasonably suspected to have been acquired with proceeds of unlawful activities, while the respondents failed to provide satisfactory evidence of legitimate sources of income used to acquire them.

Among the forfeited assets are Rayhaan University and its facilities in Kebbi State, Rayhaan Radio, luxury hotels, residential buildings, commercial plazas, filling stations, warehouses, factories, large parcels of land, and several other high-value properties spread across Abuja, Kebbi, and Kano States.

The ruling followed an interim forfeiture order granted earlier this year, after which the EFCC invited interested parties to challenge the action. Although Malami and several associates contested the forfeiture, the court ruled that they failed to discharge the legal burden required to overturn the Commission’s case.

The judgment marks one of the most significant non-conviction asset forfeiture decisions secured by the EFCC in recent times.

The disturbing reality is that politicians holding public office often use their positions to corner enormous privileges for themselves, and their proximity to unmerited wealth is unmistakable.

They train their children in European and American schools and then splash photographs of their children’s graduations before us, almost as if to ask, “What can you do about it?”

We are, therefore, trapped in a Catch-22 situation, where the very people responsible for destroying, undermining, and destabilising not only our educational system but also the nation’s broader social and strategic infrastructure send their children to some of the most expensive universities in the Western world while doing virtually nothing to repair the broken schools attended by millions of ordinary Nigerians.

This pathetic situation can only change if citizens resolve to transform the country’s political culture by refusing to be bribed into voting for the same politicians who continue to preside over the deterioration of Nigeria’s educational and governance systems.

From available data and the overwhelming weight of evidence, many ordinary Nigerians appear content to accept the crumbs that fall from politicians’ tables and then repeatedly vote them back into lucrative political offices—not to serve the people but to continue enriching themselves at the public’s expense.

Unfortunately, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) has yet to undertake sustained public enlightenment campaigns against vote-buying. Consequently, we may continue to witness these routine media displays of politicians proudly celebrating the foreign university graduations of their children.

Emmanuel Nnadozie Onwubiko is the Founder of the Human Rights Writers Association of Nigeria (HURIWA) and a former National Commissioner of the National Human Rights Commission of Nigeria.

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Opinion

Zamfara Bleeds Again: HURIWA Urges President Tinubu to Declare a State of Emergency and Restore Constitutional Order

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Zamfara Bleeds Again: HURIWA Urges President Tinubu to Declare a State of Emergency and Restore Constitutional Order
By George Mgbeleke
The Human Rights Writers Association of Nigeria (HURIWA) is deeply outraged by the latest massacre of at least 23 innocent farmers in Sauna/Ruwan Gora community of Talata Mafara Local Government Area of Zamfara State. This latest atrocity is yet another grim reminder that Zamfara has become a vast killing field where terrorists exercise authority with near impunity while innocent citizens continue to pay the ultimate price.

HURIWA in a statement signed by its National Cordinator,Comrade Emmanuel Nnadozie Onwubiko extends its heartfelt condolences to the bereaved families and stands in solidarity with the people of Zamfara who have endured years of relentless killings, kidnappings, village burnings, displacement and destruction of livelihoods.

This latest massacre is not an isolated incident. It is part of a sustained campaign of terror that has persisted for over a decade despite repeated military operations and enormous public expenditure on security.

According to recent assessments by Amnesty International, hundreds of people have been killed in Zamfara within the last two years alone, while hundreds more have been abducted. The organisation further reported that since the onset of the security crisis, hundreds of communities have been sacked and vast areas across 13 local government areas remain under the influence or control of armed bandits, creating one of Nigeria’s gravest humanitarian emergencies.

Independent conflict monitoring by ACLED, as referenced by the European Union Agency for Asylum, recorded about 760 violent security incidents in Zamfara between January 2024 and August 2025, resulting in approximately 2,806 fatalities. The report described Zamfara as one of Nigeria’s most dangerous states, with violence affecting every local government area.

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) also continues to document repeated mass displacements across the state. In one incident in June 2026 alone, attacks in Gummi Local Government Area displaced nearly 8,800 residents, illustrating the devastating humanitarian consequences of the continuing violence.

These statistics paint a disturbing picture of a state where constitutional governance is steadily giving way to the authority of armed criminal groups.
HURIWA is therefore compelled to ask: how many more innocent Nigerians must die before extraordinary constitutional measures are considered?

The association believes that the deteriorating security situation in Zamfara now meets the threshold of a grave emergency requiring decisive federal intervention.
Accordingly, HURIWA calls on President Bola Ahmed Tinubu to invoke the relevant constitutional provisions for the declaration of a state of emergency in Zamfara State, just as extraordinary constitutional measures were taken in Rivers State under a different set of circumstances. If constitutional institutions can be suspended to address political instability, it would be difficult to justify withholding similar intervention where thousands of lives have been threatened by sustained terrorist violence.
HURIWA therefore urges the President to consider measures that would allow the Federal Government to take direct control of security coordination in the state for a defined period, strengthen military and intelligence operations, restore civil authority in occupied communities and protect the fundamental rights to life and security guaranteed under the Constitution.
The association stresses that any constitutional measures adopted must strictly comply with the provisions of the Constitution, remain temporary, be subject to legislative oversight and focus primarily on restoring public safety and democratic governance.
HURIWA further notes with concern that notorious bandit kingpin Bello Turji rose to prominence partly because previous attempts at negotiating peace with armed groups created opportunities for several criminal leaders to consolidate influence, regroup and expand their operational networks instead of laying down their arms permanently. Security experts have repeatedly questioned the effectiveness of those initiatives, arguing that while intended to reduce violence, they often enabled some criminal groups to rearm and strengthen their hold over vulnerable communities.
The latest massacre demonstrates that piecemeal responses have failed. Zamfara requires sustained military pressure, improved intelligence gathering, effective border surveillance, prosecution of terror financiers, protection of farming communities, humanitarian support for displaced persons and the complete restoration of lawful government authority throughout the state.
The Federal Government must equally investigate every allegation of official collaboration with criminal networks and ensure that any public officer found aiding or protecting terrorists faces the full weight of the law.
Nigeria cannot continue to normalise the mass slaughter of its citizens.
History will judge today’s leaders not by the number of condolences they issue after every massacre, but by the courage and effectiveness of the actions they take to stop the bloodshed.
The time for half measures has passed. Zamfara deserves peace. Nigerians deserve security. The Constitution demands no less.

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Opinion

Why ‘They’ Hate General Christopher Musa

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Comrade Emmanuel Nnadozie Onwubiko

By Emmanuel Nnadozie Onwubiko

The Minister of Defence, General Christopher Musa (rtd.), made the front pages of major newspapers on Tuesday, July 21, 2026, after becoming the target of agents of misinformation and disinformation who spread the false rumour that he had tendered his resignation to President Bola Ahmed Tinubu.

Those who fabricated the story circulated a message in the Hausa language, which they falsely attributed to the Minister, across various social media platforms. The Minister, who had the good fortune of moving from the prestigious office of Nigeria’s Chief of Defence Staff—the highest-ranking serving Army General in the country—to the equally significant position of Minister of Defence upon his retirement, could not understand how, when, or to whom he had supposedly communicated his “resignation.” An individual using a name and profile photograph circulated the Hausa-language message claiming that the Minister of Defence had confirmed his resignation.

The Minister dismissed the report as nothing more than a fabricated tale. Indeed, many Nigerians who saw the story did not take it seriously, as social media is often awash with unverified reports, misinformation, and outright falsehoods that are later corrected when those concerned issue official denials or report such content to the relevant platforms.

Fundamentally, many Nigerians believe it is rare for public office holders to voluntarily resign from highly paid political appointments. In the public perception, most office holders leave only when removed by the appointing authority. Consequently, few people believed the original story. When General Musa publicly debunked the rumour, Nigerians were therefore not surprised. While the public may have dismissed the report, the Minister himself expressed shock and wondered why anyone would wish him to abandon such an important office, which had been entrusted to him by President Bola Tinubu.

As expected, the Minister of Defence, General Christopher Musa (rtd.), said on Tuesday that he was “shocked” by reports of his supposed resignation and vowed to take legal action against those responsible for spreading the false information.

General Musa said he had no idea where the rumours originated. Responding to questions after a closed-door meeting with President Bola Tinubu at the Presidential Villa in Abuja, the former Chief of Defence Staff said:

“I am not going anywhere. I have never discussed this. I don’t even know who the person is that brought that information. But whoever it is, we will take legal action against them.”

The Minister denied ever discussing resignation and said the reports were the handiwork of people uncomfortable with the administration’s improving security record.

“Whoever it is, we will take legal action against them. I am sure we will get them. He will come and explain who gave him such information.”

Musa described the rumours as a deliberate attempt to undermine public confidence in the administration’s security gains.

“We are surprised. I was shocked when I saw that. I don’t know where that came from.

“But you always expect that there will be people who will not be happy when things are going well. Security is improving, things are getting better, and for them, that is a sad development. They always want to make it look as if it is not so.”

He added that his private meeting with the President was a routine security briefing and that President Tinubu had expressed satisfaction with the military’s performance.

According to him:

“I just came back from briefing Mr President on the current security situation, and he is very happy with us. We are going to continue doing well.”

I believe General Musa has chosen not to speculate publicly about those behind the rumour. At the very time the false report was circulating, he had reportedly travelled to China on official duty. Likewise, the Minister of State for Defence was reportedly on an official trip to Turkey on matters relating to Nigeria’s national security.

In my view, there are two possible groups that may have been behind the rumour that General Musa had resigned.

First, General Musa’s appointment came as a surprise to many observers. He was not known as a card-carrying member of the All Progressives Congress (APC) before President Bola Ahmed Tinubu appointed him, reportedly on the basis of merit, competence, and his extensive military experience.

One group that may continue to oppose General Musa consists of hardliners within the APC who regard him as an outsider occupying a position they believed should have gone to one of their own within the party’s inner circle. It had been expected in some quarters that, after the departure of the former Minister of Defence, either another party loyalist or the Minister of State for Defence would be elevated to the position. That expectation was not realised, and some may therefore harbour resentment toward General Christopher Musa.

This is not intended to implicate the Minister of State for Defence. On the contrary, he appears to be a committed nationalist who, in my opinion, has no connection whatsoever with any alleged campaign against his colleague. He is himself reportedly facing political opposition from rivals in his home state who are unhappy with his close relationship with President Tinubu.

The second group, in my opinion, consists of hardline Islamists who were dissatisfied with the replacement of a Muslim minister by General Musa. Although Musa bears a common Muslim name and is from Northern Nigeria, he is a Christian. While he was born in Sokoto, one of the historic centres of Northern Nigeria, his religious identity and background distinguish him from those who may have expected the office to remain in Muslim hands.

According to this perspective, such religious hardliners may seek every opportunity to portray General Musa as ineffective or unsuccessful. Yet, despite being of Southern Kaduna origin, he continues to serve as Minister of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

General Musa has also publicly advocated strong military action against Boko Haram, ISWAP, and other terrorist groups operating in Nigeria. It is therefore argued that extremist elements who oppose such measures would naturally view his leadership unfavourably.

Beyond religious and political considerations, there are also those within both political and military circles who are alleged to benefit from the persistence of insecurity in Nigeria. Such individuals, if they exist, would have little interest in seeing the Minister of Defence succeed in weakening terrorist networks through more aggressive military operations across the North-East, North-West, and North-Central regions.

As General Musa continues to monitor developments carefully—as the popular Nigerian expression goes, “there is nothing Musa no dey see for gate”—it is expected that the source of this latest episode of misinformation and disinformation may eventually be identified, allowing the law to take its course.

Emmanuel Nnadozie Onwubiko is the Founder of the Human Rights Writers Association of Nigeria (HURIWA) and a former National Commissioner of the National Human Rights Commission of Nigeria.

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OBYC Worldwide fault Ineife led IYC over planned protest against Bayelsà Industrialist. ….urges IYC to respect for Court Process The Ogbia Brotherhood Youth Council (OBYC) Worldwide has condemned the planned protest over the legal dispute involving Azikel Group President, Dr. Azibapu Godbless Eruani, CFR, and Mr. Kariyai Daukoru, describing the action as unnecessary while the matter remains before a competent court. OBYC, in a statement issued on Saturday and made available to newsmen, urged Ijaw Youth Council (IYC) Central Zone Chairman, Comrade Peres Ineife, to suspend the proposed protest and allow the judicial process to run its course. It also appealed to the newly elected IYC Worldwide President, Dr. Doubra Collins Okotete, to promote dialogue and reconciliation among the parties involved in the Aviation Training initiative. OBYC maintained that Dr. Eruani’s aviation training initiative was a philanthropic programme designed to empower Bayelsa youths and rejected allegations that he intended to victimise anyone. The Council further called on Ijaw youths, political leaders and stakeholders to exercise restraint, respect the rule of law, and avoid actions capable of undermining the judiciary or disrupting peace.

By David Owei,Bayelsa The Ogbia Brotherhood Youth Council (OBYC) Worldwide has condemned the planned protest over the legal dispute involving...

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